ABSTRACT
Aerobic exercise is a proven measure to enhance the cardio-respiratory efficiency. This improvement is primarily due to improvement in autonomic function where in there is increase in the parasympathetic function and decrease in sympathetic function. Exercise also affects many metabolic activities in our body and may be one of the factors which reduce the oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to see the effect of moderate aerobic exercise training on autonomic function and its correlation with antioxidant status. 30 healthy volunteers in the age group of 18-22 years were screened. Autonomic function tests included activity (tone) and reactivity parameters. Antioxidant status was assessed by the level of malondialdehyde in plasma. We observed a significant change in SBP, DBP, LF nu, HF nu, delta value of DBP in CPT and MDA. Our findings are consistent with earlier findings that short duration physical training is known to reduce blood pressure and that there is a relationship between HF (in HRV) and training response Physical exercise also provides a favorable change in the biochemical parameters such as MDA.
ABSTRACT
The seeds of Benincasa hispida commonly known as ash gourd belonging to Cucurbitaceae family is employed as a main ingredient in kusmanda lehyam in Ayurvedic system of medicine. The seeds of Benincasa hispida mashed with milk or the various preparations from the pulp of fruit in the form of sweetmeats, like Kusmanda paka and petha are commonly used as a general tonic, aphrodisiac, rejuvenative and also a brain tonic. The plant of Benincasa hispida was collected from (Central Council for Research in Ayurveda & Siddha, Dept. of ayush, Ministry of Health & F.W, Govt. of India New Delhi) Govt. Central Pharmacy Annex, Ashoka Pillar, Jayanagar Bangalore. The extracts were subjected to Antioxidant activity by In hydrogen peroxide-scavenging model, model acetone extract showed scavenging (80.1%) of hydrogen peroxide and chloroform extract showed ( 79%) in comparison with ascorbic acid ( 94.5% ). Antioxidant activity was carried out for extract (acetone, chloroform, and aqueous extracts) with Hydrogen peroxide-scavenging model. Acetonic extract showed more scavenging (80.1%) of Benincasa hispida and least scavenging was done by aqueous extract of (43%). After comparison with the standard drug (Ascorbic acid) showed (94.5%). From this it was conclused that acetone extract of Benincasa hispida showed high scavenging activity. Conclusively, the result revealed that Benincasa hispida seeds has antimicrobial activity & antioxidant activity which may be due to the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids constituents present in the sample.
ABSTRACT
The aim of present study was to evaluate cardioprotective activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Bauhinia variegata Linn in CaCl2 induced arrhythmia in albino rats.In present study, i.v injection of 5% CaCl2 solution (25 mg/kg b.w.) that induce arrhythmia without causing mortality and heart rates were monitored throughout the study by a lead II electrocardiogram. CaCl2 reduced heart rate and exhibited alteration in the PQRST waves. Arrhythmia induced by CaCl2 in experimental animals, which is confirmed by change in ECG pattern and sodium, potassium and calcium level in plasma. Pretreatment of extracts prevent the CaCl2 induced arrhythmia by virtue of the potent active constituents. Bauhinia variegata Linn. root extracts produced significantly (P<0.05) antiarrhythmic activity. These finding might be helpful to understand the beneficial effect of extracts against CaCl2 induced arrhythmia. Further study is need to confirm their mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
A -38 year old, married man presented with multiple asymptomatic livid reddish brown plaques, papules over lateral side of left ankle and dorsum of left foot along with difficulty in walking for last six months. Histopathological examination of biopsy from the lesion showed a Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Subsequently, his serology for the HIV viruses was done and found to be positive for HIV-1.
ABSTRACT
A eight year old girl presented multiple plaques of lupus vulgaris, numerous papules of lichen scrofulosorum and involvement of right ulnar bone. The patient responded to antituberculosis therapy. The multiple foci were probably due to hematogenous dissemination
ABSTRACT
Clinical diagnosis of early leprosy lesions poses difficulties. The present study was carried to correlate histological diagnosis of skin biopsies of untreated leprosy cases with clinical diagnosis using Ridley- Jopling classification. 270 skin biopsies of untreated leprosy cases over a period of two years were included . Paraffin sections of biopsies were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin, Ziehl-Neelsen’s & Fite’s stains, examined and classified histopathologically according to Ridley- Jopling scale and then correlated with clinical diagnosis. Overall concordance of clinical and histopathological diagnosis was seen in 53.44% cases with maximum parity in lepromatous leprosy (75.86%), followed by borderline lepromatous (58.82%), borderline tuberculoid (53.01%), tuberculoid (47.37%), and least in mid-borderline cases (37.35%). Indeterminate leprosy cases showed 100% clinicopathological concordance. There was minor disagreement (difference of one group) in 29.56% and major disagreement (difference of two or more groups) in 17% cases. We noted minor disagreement in polar leprosy (TT+LL) and major discordance in borderline group (BT+BB+BL). Cases in borderline group are in continuously changing immunological spectrum and histological classification because of its definitve features gives a better indication than clinical classification for any recent shift of a case in the spectrum. Skin biopsy may be studied in all cases of leprosy for better diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
Heavy metals constitute a very heterogeneous group of elements widely varied in their chemical properties and biological functions. Heavy metals are kept under environmental pollutant category due to their toxic effects on plants, animals and human being. Heavy metal contamination of soil results from anthropogenic as well as natural activities. Anthropogenic activities such as mining, smelting operation and agriculture have locally increased the levels of heavy metals such as Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, As and Ni in soil up to dangerous levels. Heavy metals are persistent in nature, therefore get accumulated in soils and plants. Heavy metals interfere with physiological activities of plants such as photosynthesis, gaseous exchange and nutrient absorption, and cause reductions in plant growth, dry matter accumulation and yield. Heavy metals also interfere with the levels of antioxidants in plants, and reduce the nutritive value of the produce. Dietary intake of many heavy metals through consumption of plants has long term detrimental effects on human health.